传播风险也是 CD4 细胞计数(免疫系统工作情况的指标)和 HIV 病毒载量的一个函数: CD4 细胞计数越低或 HIV 病毒载量越高,传播风险就越大。通过治疗,CD4 细胞计数可维持在最佳水平,同时抑制 HIV 感染。数据显示,采用 HAART 治疗后,配偶传染的风险大大降低。
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