Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)

What is a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)?

Also known as coronary angioplasty, PCI is a non-surgical procedure that:

• Corrects clogged arteries and plaque build-up
• Improve blood flow to the heart

The procedure is similar to 'regular' balloon angioplasty, or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA).

During a PCI, your doctor will insert a small balloon catheter into your blocked artery and inflate it to widen the artery. A stent or small wire mesh is usually inserted to keep the artery from narrowing after the balloon is removed.

Why do you need PCI?

PCI is performed to open coronary arteries that are narrowed or blocked by the build-up of atherosclerotic plaque.

By restoring blood flow, PCI improves symptoms of blocked arteries, such as chest pain or shortness of breath. Besides relieving symptoms of coronary heart disease, it also reduces heart damage during or after a heart attack.

How do you prepare for a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)?

Before recommending PCI, your doctor will review your medical history.

To ensure that it is safe for you to undergo the procedure, your doctor may also recommend the following tests:

• Chest X-ray
• Electrocardiogram
• Blood test

Once your PCI is scheduled, your doctor will advise you on how to prepare. In general, you need to fast 6 – 8 hours before the procedure.

Note: If you are taking any medication or herbal supplements, you should inform your doctor. You may need to adjust or stop taking some medication before the procedure (e.g. aspirin or other blood thinners). Do not stop your medication without consulting your doctor.

Care and recovery after a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)

After the procedure, you may need to stay overnight for observation.

Once you are discharged, you may be able to return to work in a week’s time. While at home, you should:

• Continue to drink lots of water.
• Avoid strenuous activity and heavy lifting for a week.
• Take your prescribed medication as instructed. Do not discontinue your medication without consulting your doctor.

Your doctor may also recommend that you participate in cardiac rehabilitation to improve your health and recovery after heart surgery.